Hand dermatitis, also known as hand eczema, is a common but often painful skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide.

The illustration shows a hand with peeling, inflamed, and irritated skin — a classic case of acute hand dermatitis. Some cases are mild and temporary, while others can become chronic, causing prolonged discomfort, embarrassment, and difficulty with daily activities. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is the first step toward effectively managing this condition.

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Causes of Hand Dermatitis

There is no single cause of hand dermatitis. It usually develops due to a combination of environmental, genetic, and lifestyle factors. Common triggers include:

• Soaps, detergents, cleaning agents, and disinfectants: These strip away the skin’s natural protective oils, leaving it dry and vulnerable.

• Excessive water exposure: Healthcare workers, cleaners, hairdressers, and food service employees often wash their hands many times a day. Overwashing weakens the skin barrier, increasing the risk of dermatitis.

• Contact allergies: Some individuals develop dermatitis after exposure to nickel, latex, or fragrances found in cosmetics and skincare products.

• History of skin conditions: People with atopic eczema or psoriasis are at higher risk of developing chronic hand dermatitis.

• Climate and environment: Cold, dry weather can worsen symptoms, while humid conditions may prolong flare-ups.