The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland in the neck located in front of the trachea. It releases hormones that control the metabolic system—the process of converting the food we consume into energy. It also affects heart rate, body temperature, brain development, mental activity, fertility, and more.

When the thyroid doesn’t function properly, it affects the entire body.
Common conditions that can impact the thyroid include:

• Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)

• Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid)

• Goiter (enlarged thyroid)

• Thyroid cancer

While many thyroid diseases are linked to genetics or autoimmune conditions and may not be preventable, issues related to iodine excess or deficiency can often be avoided.

Certain foods can interfere with thyroid function:

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1. Soy and Soy-Based Products

Soy contains isoflavones, compounds that can affect the body’s ability to absorb iodine and thyroid medications, potentially impairing thyroid function.

2. Raw Cruciferous Vegetables

Vegetables such as broccoli, kale, and cauliflower contain goitrogens, which can reduce iodine absorption, especially when eaten raw in large amounts.

3. Gluten

For those with autoimmune thyroid diseases like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, gluten may trigger inflammation and immune responses, worsening symptoms.

4. Refined Sugar

Refined sugar promotes inflammation, increases insulin resistance, and can aggravate hypothyroidism symptoms such as weight gain, mood swings, and brain fog.

5. Processed and High-Sodium Foods

Processed foods often contain excess sodium, which can raise blood pressure—a risk already heightened in people with hypothyroidism.

6. Coffee (Especially Right After Taking Medications)

Drinking coffee too soon after taking thyroid medication can reduce absorption by up to 60%, weakening its effectiveness. It’s best to wait a few hours.

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Foods That Support Thyroid Health

Beneficial foods include fatty fish rich in omega-3s (salmon, sardines), eggs, nuts and seeds, seaweed, and antioxidant-rich fruits like berries, apples, and kiwi.

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Note: This information is for educational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider regarding any concerns about your thyroid health or medications.